European Citizenship By Investment Program (CBI) Comparison 2024
Looking to obtain European Citizenship By Investment in 2024? Below, we feature both the active and currently inactive CBI programs with a view to help you make an informed decision.
| EUROPEAN CITIZENSHIP BY INVESTMENT (CBI) PROGRAMS 2023/2024 | COUNTRY PROGRAM | CURRENT PROGRAM STATUS | MINIMUM INVESTMENT OPTIONS | PROS & CONS | RESIDENCY REQUIREMENT | ALSO CONSIDER |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AUSTRIA | Austria CBI | Active | Donation: €3 million+
OR Public benefit investment: €8-10 million+ |
PROS: Exceptional country with a top-tier passport. Citizenship immediately granted on approval.
CONS: Significant capital outlay, and a 24-36 month, highly discretionary application process. |
Yes | Malta’s CBI offering |
| CYPRUS | Cyprus CBI | Inactive | Real Estate Investment: €2 million + |
N/A – program currently inactive. |
N/A – program currently inactive. | Malta’s CBI offering |
| MALTA | Malta Naturalisation for Exceptional Services by Direct Investment (also occasionally referred to as Malta MEIN). |
Active | Government contribution: €600,000 (3-Year residency track), OR €750,000 (1-Year residency track).
AND Investment/Rental: €700,000+ in real state, OR a 5-year rental contract at €18,000 per year (i.e. €90,000 over 5 years). AND Charitable donation:€10,000 donation to a registered and compliant charitable organisation in Malta. |
PROS: Exceptional country with a top-tier passport. The country enjoys a sterling international reputation as a CBI destination. CONS: Significant capital outlay, and the Maltese government publishes the names of applicants in the public domain. |
Yes | Contact us for more information on the latest off-market and discretionary Citizenship By Investment options – especially if you’re Russian. |
| MONTENEGRO | Montenegro CBI | Inactive | Real Estate Investment: €450,000+
AND Government contribution: €200,000 |
N/A – program currently inactive |
N/A – program currently inactive. | Malta’s CBI offering |
| NORTH MACEDONIA | North Macedonia CBI | Inactive | Contribution: €200,000+ |
N/A – program currently inactive |
N/A – program currently inactive. | Turkiye’s CBI program |
| SERBIA | Serbian Direct Citizenship By Exception Program | Contribution: Get in touch for more information | PROS: This discretionary path to a Serbian passport is typically very fast – as little as 6 months – provided you can qualify.
CONS: The government has total discretion about whom they naturalize and based on what type of contribution – hence referring to it as a ” CBI program” is arguably an incorrect. Given this, there are no prescribed minimum investment amounts. Where capital contributions do serve as the basis for an exceptional citizenship application, the thresholds tend to be fairly variable – albeit generally far lower, historically, than those of Malta, or the now-defunct Cyprus CBI program. |
None (and no language requirement either) | Malta’s CBI offering. | |
| OTHER DISCRETIONARY CITIZENSHIP BY INVESTMENT OPTIONS
(When available.) |
Get in touch for more information. | Get in touch to check current availability. | Typically varies from €2 million to €10 million+. | Get in touch for more information. | Varies per country. | Serbian Direct Citizenship By Exception Program |
Get in touch for more information.
Will there by any new Citizenship By Investment programs launched in 2025?
We have it on good authority that there are a number of new CBI programs in the works. However, whether any will be launched in 2025 remains to be seen… We will update this page as more official information becomes available.